{"id":1631,"date":"2020-07-09T10:11:52","date_gmt":"2020-07-09T10:11:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/?p=1631"},"modified":"2020-11-11T02:18:52","modified_gmt":"2020-11-11T02:18:52","slug":"extraction-and-refining-aluminum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/","title":{"rendered":"Ekstraksi dan Pemurnian Aluminium"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cadangan bauksit yang telah diketahui dapat memenuhi kebutuhan aluminium dunia selama ratusan tahun dengan tingkat produksi saat ini. Ketika cadangan bauksit bermutu tinggi habis, masih akan tersisa cadangan bijih sekunder yang signifikan untuk dieksploitasi: endapan laterit di barat laut Amerika Serikat dan Australia, anortosit di barat Amerika Serikat, apatit dan alunit di Eropa, serta kaolinit di tenggara Amerika Serikat. Sumber alumina non-bauksit lainnya juga tersedia: tanah liat alumina, dawsonit, serpih beraluminium, batuan beku, serta mineral saprolit dan sillimanit. Di Rusia, alumina diolah dari bijih non-bauxit\u2014yaitu nepheline syenit dan alunit. Pengembangan tambang bauxit yang masif di Australia, Guinea, dan Indonesia cenderung menunda minat terhadap bijih sekunder di tempat lain. Mereka memperoleh produk aluminium akhir berkualitas tinggi melalui ekstraksi dan pemurnian aluminium.<\/p>\n

\"Ekstraksi<\/p>\n

Pertambangan<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sejauh ini, sebagian besar cadangan bauksit yang dieksploitasi secara komersial terletak di permukaan Bumi atau di dekatnya. Oleh karena itu, penambangannya dilakukan dengan metode tambang terbuka yang hanya memerlukan pengangkatan lapisan penutup dalam jumlah minimal. Lapisan bauksit diledakkan hingga terlepas dan digali menggunakan ekskavator atau dragline, kemudian bijih tersebut diangkut dengan truk, kereta api, atau sabuk konveyor ke pabrik pengolahan, di mana bijih tersebut dihancurkan agar lebih mudah ditangani. Pabrik pemurnian biasanya berlokasi di dekat lokasi tambang, jika memungkinkan, karena biaya transportasi merupakan komponen utama dalam biaya produksi bauksit.<\/p>\n

Sekitar 90 persen dari seluruh bauksit yang ditambang diolah menjadi alumina, yang pada akhirnya dilebur menjadi aluminium. Sisanya, yaitu 10 persen, digunakan untuk keperluan lain, seperti bahan abrasif, bahan tahan api, dan bahan penyangga (proppant) dalam proses pemulihan minyak mentah. Sekitar empat ton bauksit berkualitas tinggi menghasilkan dua ton alumina, yang kemudian diolah menjadi satu ton aluminium.<\/p>\n

Ekstraksi dan Pemurnian<\/strong><\/p>\n

Proses ekstraksi dan pemurnian aluminium<\/a> Proses pengolahan bauksit menjadi aluminium terdiri dari dua tahap: pemurnian bauksit untuk memperoleh alumina dan peleburan alumina untuk menghasilkan aluminium. Bauksit mengandung sejumlah pengotor, termasuk oksida besi, silika, dan titania. Jika pengotor-pengotor ini tidak dihilangkan selama proses pemurnian, mereka akan bercampur dan mencemari logam selama proses peleburan. Oleh karena itu, bijih tersebut harus diolah untuk menghilangkan pengotor-pengotor tersebut. Alumina yang telah dimurnikan biasanya mengandung 0,5 hingga 1 persen air, 0,3 hingga 0,5 persen soda, dan kurang dari 0,1 persen oksida lainnya. Proses Bayer, dengan berbagai modifikasi, merupakan metode yang paling banyak digunakan untuk produksi alumina, dan seluruh aluminium diproduksi dari alumina menggunakan proses elektrolisis Hall-H\u00e9roult.<\/p>\n

Pemurnian bijih<\/strong><\/p>\n

Terdapat sejumlah metode alkali, asam, dan termal untuk mengolah bauksit, tanah liat, atau bijih lainnya guna memperoleh alumina. Proses asam dan elektrotermal umumnya terlalu mahal atau tidak menghasilkan alumina dengan kemurnian yang memadai untuk penggunaan komersial. Sebuah proses yang melibatkan perlakuan bijih dengan kapur dan soda digunakan di Tiongkok dan Rusia.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Known deposits of bauxite can supply the world with aluminum for hundreds of years at present production levels. When high-grade bauxite deposits are depleted, substantial reserves of secondary ores will remain to be exploited: laterite deposits in the northwestern United States and Australia, anorthosite in the western United States, apatite and alunite in Europe, kaolinite […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4131,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[1928,1929],"class_list":["post-1631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-extraction-and-refining-aluminum","tag-hall-heroult-electrolytic-process"],"yoast_head":"\nExtraction And Refining Aluminum,Hall-H\u00e9roult Electrolytic Process<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The extraction and refining aluminum is a two-step process: refining bauxite to obtain alumina, smelting alumina to produce aluminum.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Extraction And Refining Aluminum,Hall-H\u00e9roult Electrolytic Process\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The extraction and refining aluminum is a two-step process: refining bauxite to obtain alumina, smelting alumina to produce aluminum.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Tap Out Cone,Refining Flux,Ceramic Foam Filter,Aluminum Cast Materials\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-07-09T10:11:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-11-11T02:18:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Extraction-And-Refining-Aluminum.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"adtechnew\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Ditulis oleh\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"adtechnew\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimasi waktu membaca\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 menit\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"adtechnew\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/dca5cd1ef02977f5c9bcd0b96d2d64b6\"},\"headline\":\"Extraction And Refining Aluminum\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-07-09T10:11:52+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-11-11T02:18:52+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":440,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/07\\\/Extraction-And-Refining-Aluminum.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Extraction And Refining Aluminum\",\"Hall-H\u00e9roult Electrolytic Process\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/\",\"name\":\"Extraction And Refining Aluminum,Hall-H\u00e9roult Electrolytic Process\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/07\\\/Extraction-And-Refining-Aluminum.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-07-09T10:11:52+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-11-11T02:18:52+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/dca5cd1ef02977f5c9bcd0b96d2d64b6\"},\"description\":\"The extraction and refining aluminum is a two-step process: refining bauxite to obtain alumina, smelting alumina to produce aluminum.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/07\\\/Extraction-And-Refining-Aluminum.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/07\\\/Extraction-And-Refining-Aluminum.jpg\",\"width\":500,\"height\":400,\"caption\":\"Extraction And Refining Aluminum\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Extraction And Refining Aluminum\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Tap Out Cone,Refining Flux,Ceramic Foam Filter,Aluminum Cast Materials\",\"description\":\"One-Stop Shopping\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"id\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/dca5cd1ef02977f5c9bcd0b96d2d64b6\",\"name\":\"adtechnew\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/260cf9357f35fc676d5fc89811dc976b08eee83dda7e1da206a3c58afae13e29?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/260cf9357f35fc676d5fc89811dc976b08eee83dda7e1da206a3c58afae13e29?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/260cf9357f35fc676d5fc89811dc976b08eee83dda7e1da206a3c58afae13e29?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"adtechnew\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/aluminiumceramicfiber.com\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ekstraksi dan Pemurnian Aluminium, Proses Elektrolitik Hall-H\u00e9roult","description":"Ekstraksi dan pemurnian aluminium merupakan proses dua tahap: pemurnian bauksit untuk memperoleh alumina, serta peleburan alumina untuk menghasilkan aluminium.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/","og_locale":"id_ID","og_type":"article","og_title":"Extraction And Refining Aluminum,Hall-H\u00e9roult Electrolytic Process","og_description":"The extraction and refining aluminum is a two-step process: refining bauxite to obtain alumina, smelting alumina to produce aluminum.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/","og_site_name":"Tap Out Cone,Refining Flux,Ceramic Foam Filter,Aluminum Cast Materials","article_published_time":"2020-07-09T10:11:52+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-11-11T02:18:52+00:00","og_image":[{"width":500,"height":400,"url":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Extraction-And-Refining-Aluminum.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"adtechnew","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Ditulis oleh":"adtechnew","Estimasi waktu membaca":"2 menit"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/"},"author":{"name":"adtechnew","@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/#\/schema\/person\/dca5cd1ef02977f5c9bcd0b96d2d64b6"},"headline":"Extraction And Refining Aluminum","datePublished":"2020-07-09T10:11:52+00:00","dateModified":"2020-11-11T02:18:52+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/"},"wordCount":440,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Extraction-And-Refining-Aluminum.jpg","keywords":["Extraction And Refining Aluminum","Hall-H\u00e9roult Electrolytic Process"],"articleSection":["Blog"],"inLanguage":"id","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/","url":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/","name":"Ekstraksi dan Pemurnian Aluminium, Proses Elektrolitik Hall-H\u00e9roult","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Extraction-And-Refining-Aluminum.jpg","datePublished":"2020-07-09T10:11:52+00:00","dateModified":"2020-11-11T02:18:52+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/#\/schema\/person\/dca5cd1ef02977f5c9bcd0b96d2d64b6"},"description":"Ekstraksi dan pemurnian aluminium merupakan proses dua tahap: pemurnian bauksit untuk memperoleh alumina, serta peleburan alumina untuk menghasilkan aluminium.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"id","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"id","@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Extraction-And-Refining-Aluminum.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Extraction-And-Refining-Aluminum.jpg","width":500,"height":400,"caption":"Extraction And Refining Aluminum"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/extraction-and-refining-aluminum\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Extraction And Refining Aluminum"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/","name":"Kerucut Tap Out, Fluks Pemurnian, Filter Busa Keramik, Bahan Cor Aluminium","description":"Belanja Serba Ada","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"id"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/#\/schema\/person\/dca5cd1ef02977f5c9bcd0b96d2d64b6","name":"adtechbaru","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"id","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/260cf9357f35fc676d5fc89811dc976b08eee83dda7e1da206a3c58afae13e29?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/260cf9357f35fc676d5fc89811dc976b08eee83dda7e1da206a3c58afae13e29?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/260cf9357f35fc676d5fc89811dc976b08eee83dda7e1da206a3c58afae13e29?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"adtechnew"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/aluminiumceramicfiber.com"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1631","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1631"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1631\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4132,"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1631\/revisions\/4132"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}