{"id":2252,"date":"2020-08-07T08:36:35","date_gmt":"2020-08-07T08:36:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/?p=2252"},"modified":"2020-08-12T01:59:13","modified_gmt":"2020-08-12T01:59:13","slug":"aluminum-purification-in-furnace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aluminiumceramicfiber.com\/tr\/aluminum-purification-in-furnace\/","title":{"rendered":"F\u0131r\u0131nda Al\u00fcminyum Ar\u0131tma"},"content":{"rendered":"

F\u0131r\u0131nda al\u00fcminyum ar\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, al\u00fcminyum ve al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ar\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemlerinden biridir; di\u011fer ar\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemi ise harici ar\u0131tmad\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7in\u2019de kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k gaz ve ak\u0131 ile ar\u0131tma, seramik k\u00f6p\u00fck filtre ile s\u00fczme ve ar\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemleri yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck al\u00fcminyum i\u015fleme tesisleri, eriyik kalitesini daha da iyile\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla hat i\u00e7i gaz giderme ve filtreleme cihazlar\u0131n\u0131 da devreye alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"F\u0131r\u0131nda

F\u0131r\u0131nda Al\u00fcminyum Ar\u0131tma<\/p><\/div>\n

F\u0131r\u0131nda Al\u00fcminyum Ar\u0131tma<\/h2>\n

Azot ar\u0131t\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>: Azotun kimyasal \u00f6zelli\u011fi pasif olup, ar\u0131tma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyum ve di\u011fer \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f gazlarla reaksiyona girmez ve erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez. S\u0131v\u0131 al\u00fcminyuma azot enjekte edilerek \u00e7ok say\u0131da kabarc\u0131k olu\u015fturulabilir. Bu azot kabarc\u0131klar\u0131nda hidrojen k\u0131smi bas\u0131nc\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131ra e\u015fittir; bu nedenle eriyikteki hidrojen kabarc\u0131\u011fa yay\u0131l\u0131r ve b\u00f6ylece gaz eriyikten uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Kabarc\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kma s\u00fcrecinde, kabarc\u0131k bir kal\u0131nt\u0131ya rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fczey gerilimi nedeniyle kal\u0131nt\u0131 kabarc\u0131k y\u00fczeyine yap\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve sonunda kabarc\u0131k, kal\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 y\u00fczeydeki c\u00fcrufa ta\u015f\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, gaz\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kal\u0131nt\u0131lar da giderilir. Azotla gaz giderme i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ar\u0131tma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 690 ~ 710 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olursa azot, al\u00fcminyumla reaksiyona girebilir. Azot bas\u0131nc\u0131 10 ~ 15 kPa aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kontrol edilir.<\/p>\n

Azotla ar\u0131tma, magnezyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fildir; zira ar\u0131tma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda MgN\u2082 olu\u015fabilir ve bu da ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n bile\u015fimini etkiler; ayr\u0131ca azotun gaz giderme etkisi tam de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Klorla ar\u0131tma<\/strong>: Klor, al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 eriyikinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez, ancak al\u00fcminyumla reaksiyona girerek al\u00fcminyum klor\u00fcr olu\u015fturabilir. Klor ayr\u0131ca ala\u015f\u0131mdaki hidrojenle reaksiyona girerek u\u00e7ucu hidrojen klor\u00fcr olu\u015fturabilir. Bir miktar klor gaz\u0131 da gaz halinde d\u0131\u015far\u0131 s\u0131zar. Bu gazlar, s\u0131v\u0131 al\u00fcminyumdan kabarc\u0131klar halinde yukar\u0131 do\u011fru y\u00fckselir ve gaz ile c\u00fcrufun uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Ancak klor zehirlidir, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na zararl\u0131d\u0131r ve \u00e7evredeki ekipman\u0131 ciddi \u015fekilde a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Bu nedenle, iyi bir havaland\u0131rma sistemi ve koruyucu ekipmanlar\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 gereklidir.<\/p>\n

Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k gaz ar\u0131t\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>: Azot ar\u0131tma etkisi yetersizdir; klor gaz\u0131 ise \u00e7evreye ve ekipmana zararl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, ar\u0131tma etkisini art\u0131rmak ve zararl\u0131 etkisini azaltmak amac\u0131yla genellikle kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k gaz ar\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Burada azot ve klor olmak \u00fczere iki gaz s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n

Ak\u0131 ar\u0131tma<\/strong>: ak\u0131 ar\u0131tma<\/a> Bu i\u015flem esas olarak, eriyikteki oksit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n adsorpsiyonu ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmesi yoluyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan ar\u0131tma maddesi klor\u00fcr bazl\u0131d\u0131r; Al\u2082O\u2083\u2019\u00fc emmek ve \u00e7\u00f6zmek amac\u0131yla CaF\u2082 gibi flor\u00fcr bile\u015fikleri eklenir, b\u00f6ylece maksimum ar\u0131tma etkisi elde edilir.<\/p>\n

Ar\u0131tma i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, s\u0131v\u0131 al\u00fcminyumun s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan 20 ~ 30 \u2103 daha y\u00fcksek olacak \u015fekilde ayarlay\u0131n. Ak\u0131, erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeyine yay\u0131l\u0131r. Al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ak\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu s\u0131v\u0131 al\u00fcminyumun yo\u011funlu\u011fundan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, ak\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 al\u00fcminyumun \u00fczerinde y\u00fczer. 5 ~ 10 dakika kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n, ard\u0131ndan 5 ~ 10 dakika bekletin, daha sonra ala\u015f\u0131m \u00fczerindeki c\u00fcrufu temizleyin ve kaplama maddesi serpin; ar\u0131tma i\u015fleminden sonra d\u00f6k\u00fcm yap\u0131n.<\/p>\n